NHS Whistleblowing Disclosure Pack
Seen something that is not right? Check how ready your concern is for free, see who you can tell and what the law says, then unlock a disclosure letter, a private record and a letter for if you are treated badly.
New to this? Read our guide to NHS whistleblowing and your legal rights or the grievance procedure for your own treatment. Last updated October 2026.
Short answer
A protected disclosure is information you reasonably believe is in the public interest that shows a criminal offence, a failure to comply with a legal obligation, a miscarriage of justice, danger to anyone's health or safety, sexual harassment, environmental damage, or the deliberate hiding of any of these. Gov.uk says it can be made to a lawyer, your employer or a prescribed person such as a regulator, and ACAS says to put it in writing, say you are whistleblowing, and consider your employer first unless that is inappropriate. Purely personal problems are generally not covered. Workers are protected from detriment, and employees from automatic unfair dismissal, if the disclosure is protected, but that is a legal question to take advice on. The readiness check is free. The documents are a one-off £9.99, with no subscription and 90 days of access.
⚠This is not legal advice
This tool and its documents are general guidance based on the Employment Rights Act 1996, gov.uk, ACAS and the NHS Terms and Conditions of Service Handbook. They are not legal advice and cannot take account of your trust's policy or your circumstances. Whether a disclosure is protected is a legal question that this tool cannot answer. Take advice from Protect, your trade union or a legal adviser before you send anything, especially before you tell anyone outside the trust, and use the documents only as drafts. FrontlinePay is independent and is not affiliated with ACAS, Protect, any regulator, any NHS trust or any trade union.
About you and your concern
Everything stays in your browser and is never sent to us. Your answers are saved in this browser so they are still here after checkout. Use "Clear my answers" to remove them, especially on a shared computer.
Only two answers are needed for the free check: where you are and what the concern is about. The rest makes your documents more specific. Do not put patient names or other identifiable information in any box: use a ward, date or incident reference instead. See a worked example of the documents.
Name and job title, as in your trust's policy.
For example, Freedom to Speak Up Policy.
Your concern
Facts only: what happened, who was involved, where and when. No patient names.
For example, patients on a ward, other staff, public money.
Who you tell, and support
Dates
Free worked example. Fictional person and trust
Example: disclosure letter, private record and process request
Alex Morgan, a Band 6 ward sister at a made-up trust, has seen staffing fall below the safe minimum on several night shifts and wants to raise it in writing, and has not yet been treated differently.
Everything below was produced by the pack itself from those made-up details. It is an example only: the names, trust and facts are invented, and your own documents are built from your own answers. Square brackets mark the places you fill in or check yourself.
Disclosure letter or emailExample
A written disclosure that says it is a whistleblowing disclosure, names the category in the Act's own terms, sets out what you know and how you know it, why it matters beyond you, and asks for acknowledgement, confidentiality, updates and protection.
[Your address] [Your email address and phone number] 14 October 2026 Casey Doyle, Director of Nursing Example NHS Foundation Trust Dear Casey Doyle, Subject: Whistleblowing disclosure: concern about patient or staff safety I am writing to raise a concern in the public interest. I am making a whistleblowing disclosure, and I ask that it is treated as a protected disclosure under Part IVA of the Employment Rights Act 1996 and handled under the Freedom to Speak Up Policy. Who I am: Alex Morgan, Ward Sister, Band 6, Example NHS Foundation Trust. I am engaged as an employee. I believe the information below shows that: - the health or safety of individuals has been, is being, or is likely to be endangered What I know: On at least six night shifts between July and October 2026, Ward 7 has run with two registered nurses for 28 patients where the roster says four. I have raised it with the matron on three occasions and the roster has not changed. On the night of 3 October one patient had a fall that was not noticed for around forty minutes. When: from about 14 July 2026, and it is still happening or likely to happen again. How I know: I saw or heard this myself. Why this matters beyond me: Patients on Ward 7, many of them older and at risk of falls, are cared for by fewer nurses than the roster says is safe, and other wards may be affected. I have raised this before: I told the matron, Jo Park, in conversation on 20 July, 17 August and 28 September. She said the vacancy was being recruited to but nothing changed. Evidence: I hold or can point to my own dated notes, incident reports I made or saw and rotas or staffing records. I have not attached documents containing patient or other confidential information, and I will explain where they are if you ask. I would be grateful if you would: - acknowledge this disclosure in writing and tell me who will deal with it, and that they are independent of those involved; - tell me which policy it will be handled under, the timescale, and when I will be updated; - keep my identity confidential as far as possible, and tell me before it is shared with anyone who does not need to know it; - let me know the outcome, as far as confidentiality allows; and - confirm that no action will be taken against me because I have raised this concern. [Optional: I am copying this to the trust's Freedom to Speak Up Guardian, [name].] Yours sincerely, Alex Morgan Ward Sister, Band 6 [Delete this line before sending: check every bracketed item, check your trust's own policy and have your union or staff-side rep read it first.]
Private record of what you sawExample
A structured record that keeps what you saw yourself apart from what you were told and what you believe, with who was present, what you did, who you told, why you think it is true and what you do not know.
PRIVATE RECORD OF WHAT I SAW: Alex Morgan Written 14 October 2026 [This record is for you. Write it as soon as you can after what you saw, and add to it as things happen. Keep three things apart: what you saw or heard yourself, what other people told you, and what you believe. Do not put patient names or other identifiable information in it: use a ward, date, time or incident reference instead. Do not copy or take confidential documents, because ACAS says taking or passing on documents may breach your contract or other laws: note where they are. Keep it somewhere private, not on a trust system, and follow your trust's rules on personal devices.] 1. When and where - First noticed: 14 July 2026 - Period it covers: [dates] - Where it happened: [ward, department, site] 2. What I saw or heard myself On at least six night shifts between July and October 2026, Ward 7 has run with two registered nurses for 28 patients where the roster says four. I have raised it with the matron on three occasions and the roster has not changed. On the night of 3 October one patient had a fall that was not noticed for around forty minutes. 3. What other people told me - [Name or role, date, what they told you. Mark it clearly as hearsay.] 4. What I believe or work out from it - [Your conclusions, labelled as your belief, and why you believe them] 5. Who was there, and who is affected - Present: [roles, or initials] - Affected or at risk: Patients on Ward 7, many of them older and at risk of falls, are cared for by fewer nurses than the roster says is safe, and other wards may be affected. 6. Records and systems that show it - I hold or can point to my own dated notes, incident reports I made or saw and rotas or staffing records. - Where it is kept: [system, folder, person] 7. What I did at the time - [Did you stop, report, escalate, make a note? When?] 8. Who I told, and when - I told the matron, Jo Park, in conversation on 20 July, 17 August and 28 September. She said the vacancy was being recruited to but nothing changed. 9. Why I think it is true, and why it matters beyond me - Why I believe it: I saw or heard this myself. - Why it matters: Patients on Ward 7, many of them older and at risk of falls, are cared for by fewer nurses than the roster says is safe, and other wards may be affected. 10. What I do not know - [Be honest about the gaps. It helps whoever looks at it.] Signed: ______________________ Date: ______________ [Delete this line before sending: check every bracketed item, check your trust's own policy and have your union or staff-side rep read it first.]
Request for confirmation and processExample
A letter asking the trust to confirm receipt, which policy applies, who is dealing with it and how they are independent, the timescale, how your identity is handled, what support is available, and that no action will be taken against you.
[Your address] [Your email address and phone number] 14 October 2026 Casey Doyle, Director of Nursing Example NHS Foundation Trust Dear Casey Doyle, Subject: My whistleblowing disclosure of 15 October 2026 - confirmation and process On 15 October 2026 I raised a concern about patient or staff safety, and asked that it be treated as a protected disclosure. I have not yet received [an acknowledgement / confirmation of how it is being handled / an update]. Please can you confirm, by [date], in writing: - that you have received my disclosure, and on what date; - which policy it is being handled under, and a copy of that policy (I understand the Freedom to Speak Up Policy may apply); - who is dealing with it, and how they are independent of the people and matters involved; - the timescale, and when I will next be updated; - who knows that I raised the concern, and how my identity will be kept confidential; and - what support is available to me. Please also confirm that no action will be taken against me because I raised this concern. I would like to know whether I may bring Dana Reid to any meeting about it. Thank you. Yours sincerely, Alex Morgan Ward Sister, Band 6 [Delete this line before sending: check every bracketed item, check your trust's own policy and have your union or staff-side rep read it first.]
Detriment complaint letterExample
A letter for if you are treated worse after raising the concern: what changed and when, a request to treat it as a complaint of detriment, an independent look, putting it right, and a written reply.
[Delete before sending: you have not said you have been treated worse. Keep this letter for if that happens, and start a dated record of any change now.] [Your address] [Your email address and phone number] 14 October 2026 Casey Doyle, Director of Nursing Example NHS Foundation Trust Dear Casey Doyle, Subject: Complaint of detriment since my whistleblowing disclosure - Alex Morgan, Ward Sister, Band 6 On 15 October 2026 I made a whistleblowing disclosure about patient or staff safety. Since then I have been treated worse, and I believe this is connected to my disclosure. What has happened: - [what has changed for you since you raised the concern] In detail: [Give dates and examples: what changed, when, who decided or did it, and how it compares with before you raised the concern.] The first thing I noticed was on [date] and the most recent on [date]. I understand that workers who raise concerns in the public interest are protected from being treated unfairly because they did so, and that the trust's own policy says the same. I ask the trust to treat this letter as a complaint of detriment. I ask that the trust: - looks into what I have described, by someone independent of the people involved, and tells me who that is; - puts right what has happened, and stops it happening again; - confirms in writing that no further action will be taken against me because I raised my concern; and - replies in writing by [date]. Please keep records of the decisions I have described, including emails, rota changes and notes of meetings, and do not destroy them. I would like Dana Reid to be involved. I am keeping a dated record of events. Yours sincerely, Alex Morgan Ward Sister, Band 6 [Delete before sending: there is a time limit for a tribunal claim about detriment, and ACAS says going through an internal complaint, grievance or appeal does not change it. For most claims where the problem happened on or after 1 October 2026 the limit is 6 months minus 1 day, and notifying ACAS for early conciliation inside it pauses the clock. How the date is counted for a series of acts can be complicated, so check it with Protect, ACAS or your union.] [Delete this line before sending: check every bracketed item, check your trust's own policy and have your union or staff-side rep read it first.]
Briefing note for your rep or adviserExample
One page for your union rep, Protect or a legal adviser: the concern, how you know, who you have told, the dates, the treatment since, the documents and what you want to ask them.
BRIEFING NOTE FOR MY REPRESENTATIVE OR ADVISER: 14 October 2026 1. Who I am - Alex Morgan, Ward Sister, Band 6, Example NHS Foundation Trust - How I am engaged: Employee - Representative or adviser: Dana Reid 2. Where we are - I am ready to raise it in writing 3. The concern - Danger to the health or safety of patients, staff or anyone else - What I know: On at least six night shifts between July and October 2026, Ward 7 has run with two registered nurses for 28 patients where the roster says four. I have raised it with the matron on three occasions and the roster has not changed. On the night of 3 October one patient had a fall that was not noticed for around forty minutes. - How I know: I saw or heard it myself - Still happening: yes - Who is affected, and why it matters beyond me: Patients on Ward 7, many of them older and at risk of falls, are cared for by fewer nurses than the roster says is safe, and other wards may be affected. - Part of it is about how I was personally treated: no 4. Who I have told, and what happened - Yes, in conversation - I told the matron, Jo Park, in conversation on 20 July, 17 August and 28 September. She said the vacancy was being recruited to but nothing changed. - Who I plan to tell: A senior manager or director - The concern involves my line manager or the person I would normally tell: no - Confidentiality: I want my identity kept confidential 5. Evidence - I hold or can point to my own dated notes, incident reports I made or saw and rotas or staffing records - Documents copied or taken: no 6. Dates - First noticed: 14 July 2026 - Concern raised: 15 October 2026 7. Time limits (please check these, I have not) - There is a time limit for a tribunal claim, and early conciliation has to be notified inside it. Internal processes do not change it. - [If I am dismissed, interim relief has a seven day limit: please tell me what to do now to be ready.] 8. What I would like from you - Advice on whether what I have to say is likely to be a protected disclosure, and who I should tell. - To read my disclosure before I send it. - Advice on whether to go to a regulator, and which one. - Advice on documents: what I may keep and what I should not take. - Support if I am treated badly for raising it. - [Anything else, or particular worries] [Delete this line before sending: check every bracketed item, check your trust's own policy and have your union or staff-side rep read it first.]
Outline for telling a regulator or prescribed personExample
What gov.uk says the body you chose covers, a message outline in the terms of the law (what you know, how you know, why you believe it is substantially true and why it is within their remit), and a list of the bodies that commonly cover NHS concerns.
DISCLOSURE TO A REGULATOR OR OTHER PRESCRIBED PERSON: OUTLINE Prepared 14 October 2026 for Alex Morgan [Employment Rights Act 1996 section 43F protects a disclosure to a prescribed person if you reasonably believe that the failure is within that person's remit and that the information and allegations are substantially true. Check the body is the right one on the gov.uk list of prescribed people and bodies, which was last updated on 15 September 2026 when we checked. ACAS says you can consider telling your employer first, but you may skip steps if that is inappropriate. Take advice before you send anything.] 1. The body I plan to tell - Care Quality Commission (CQC) - What gov.uk says it covers: health and social care provision. - Check: does my concern fall within that? [yes / not sure] 2. Message outline Subject: Whistleblowing disclosure about patient or staff safety I am Alex Morgan, Ward Sister, Band 6 at Example NHS Foundation Trust. I am making a disclosure to you as a prescribed person. I ask that you treat it as a protected disclosure and keep my identity confidential. What my concern is about: - the health or safety of individuals has been, is being, or is likely to be endangered What I know: On at least six night shifts between July and October 2026, Ward 7 has run with two registered nurses for 28 patients where the roster says four. I have raised it with the matron on three occasions and the roster has not changed. On the night of 3 October one patient had a fall that was not noticed for around forty minutes. How I know: I saw or heard this myself. Why I believe it is substantially true: [your reasons] Why it is within your remit: [one line] Who is affected: Patients on Ward 7, many of them older and at risk of falls, are cared for by fewer nurses than the roster says is safe, and other wards may be affected. What I have already done: - I told the matron, Jo Park, in conversation on 20 July, 17 August and 28 September. She said the vacancy was being recruited to but nothing changed. Evidence: - I hold or can point to my own dated notes, incident reports I made or saw and rotas or staffing records. I have not attached anything containing patient or other confidential information. How to contact me: [safe email and phone, and when it is safe to call] I understand you may not be able to tell me what you do with this. I would be grateful to know that you have received it. Alex Morgan 3. Bodies that commonly cover NHS concerns (from gov.uk, check the list for others) - Care Quality Commission (CQC): health and social care provision. - NHS England: the regulation and performance of English NHS trusts and foundation trusts, primary care services, the licensing of NHS care providers, NHS education and training, and oversight of integrated care boards. - Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC): registration and fitness to practise of nurses and midwives in the UK, and nursing associates in England. - General Medical Council (GMC): registration and fitness to practise of doctors. - Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC): registration and fitness to practise of the professions it regulates. - General Pharmaceutical Council: registration and fitness to practise of pharmacy professionals and regulated activities at registered pharmacy premises. - Health and Safety Executive (HSE): workplace health and safety and public health and safety arising from work activities. - Healthcare Improvement Scotland: the safety and quality of healthcare in Scotland. - Healthcare Inspectorate Wales: healthcare provided by Welsh NHS bodies, regulated care establishments and private dental practices, and the use of the Mental Health Act 1983 in Wales. - Information Commissioner: compliance with data protection and freedom of information law. - NHS Counter Fraud Authority: fraud, bribery, corruption and other unlawful activity affecting the health service in England and Wales. - Comptroller and Auditor General: the proper conduct of public business, value for money, and fraud and corruption in the provision of public services. - Scottish Public Services Ombudsman (NHS Scotland whistleblowing): NHS Scotland whistleblowing; its Independent National Whistleblowing Officer is the final stage for NHS Scotland concerns. 4. Things to check before you send - You have taken advice from your union, Protect or a legal adviser. - Your message contains nothing that identifies a patient. - You have not copied or taken documents you are not allowed to. - You know what you will do if you are treated worse afterwards: see document 4. [Delete this line before sending: check every bracketed item, check your trust's own policy and have your union or staff-side rep read it first.]
What you get
The free part scores how ready your concern is on ten signals, such as whether it fits one of the legal categories, whether you have set out the facts and why it matters beyond you, and whether you have taken advice. It works out your key dates, explains what makes a disclosure protected and the routes open to you, and never tells you whether your own disclosure is protected. The paid pack turns your own answers into six documents you can edit, copy or print:
| Document | What it does |
|---|---|
| Disclosure letter or email | A written disclosure that says it is a whistleblowing disclosure, names the category in the Act's own terms, sets out what you know and how you know it, why it matters beyond you, and asks for acknowledgement, confidentiality, updates and protection. |
| Private record of what you saw | A structured record that keeps what you saw yourself apart from what you were told and what you believe, with who was present, what you did, who you told, why you think it is true and what you do not know. |
| Request for confirmation and process | A letter asking the trust to confirm receipt, which policy applies, who is dealing with it and how they are independent, the timescale, how your identity is handled, what support is available, and that no action will be taken against you. |
| Detriment complaint letter | A letter for if you are treated worse after raising the concern: what changed and when, a request to treat it as a complaint of detriment, an independent look, putting it right, and a written reply. |
| Briefing note for your rep or adviser | One page for your union rep, Protect or a legal adviser: the concern, how you know, who you have told, the dates, the treatment since, the documents and what you want to ask them. |
| Outline for telling a regulator or prescribed person | What gov.uk says the body you chose covers, a message outline in the terms of the law (what you know, how you know, why you believe it is substantially true and why it is within their remit), and a list of the bodies that commonly cover NHS concerns. |
Every document is a draft that uses today's date and leaves bracketed placeholders for anything we do not know. Your answers stay in your browser and are not sent to us. The pack costs £9.99 once, gives 90 days of access and does not renew. The free check, key dates and guide stay free.
What makes a disclosure protected
The protection comes from Part IVA of the Employment Rights Act 1996. A protected disclosure is a qualifying disclosure made by a worker to the right person in the right way. The qualifying categories in section 43B are below, with the plain-words version.
| Category | In plain words |
|---|---|
| Criminal offence | A crime has been, is being, or is likely to be committed: for example fraud, theft or assault. |
| Legal obligation | Someone has failed, is failing or is likely to fail to comply with a legal duty. |
| Miscarriage of justice | One has occurred, is occurring or is likely. |
| Health or safety | The health or safety of any individual has been, is being or is likely to be endangered. This covers most patient safety concerns. |
| Sexual harassment | Added by the Employment Rights Act 2025, in force from 6 April 2026. |
| Environment | The environment has been, is being or is likely to be damaged. |
| Concealment | Information showing any of the above has been, is being or is likely to be deliberately concealed. |
You must reasonably believe the disclosure is in the public interest. Gov.uk says that means it affects others, such as the public, and that personal grievances are generally not covered. It does not matter whether the failure happened in the UK or elsewhere, and you do not have to be right. Workers include employees, trainees, agency workers and members of a limited liability partnership (gov.uk), and the Act extends the meaning to some other people (section 43K).
Who you can tell
- Your employer (section 43C), or another person if the failure is mainly their responsibility. ACAS says to consider this first, and you can skip it if it would be inappropriate.
- A legal adviser (section 43D), at any time.
- A prescribed person (section 43F), if you reasonably believe the failure is within their remit and the information and allegations are substantially true. Gov.uk publishes the list.
- Anyone else, such as the media, only on further conditions (sections 43G and 43H): you reasonably believe it is substantially true, you are not acting for personal gain, one of the listed conditions applies or the failure is exceptionally serious, and it is reasonable in the circumstances. ACAS says you may need to explain your choices at a tribunal. Take advice first.
In England, your trust's Freedom to Speak Up Guardian is another route. The Handbook describes the policy (32.13 to 32.15). The National Guardian's Office closed at the end of June 2026, per NHS England, and trusts carry greater responsibility for their own arrangements, so check what yours are. In Scotland, the Independent National Whistleblowing Officer, run by the Scottish Public Services Ombudsman, is the final stage for NHS Scotland whistleblowing concerns and NHS bodies there follow the National Whistleblowing Standards. For Wales and Northern Ireland, check your employer's policy and the gov.uk list. Our guide to NHS whistleblowing and your legal rights covers the law in more depth.
Putting it in writing
ACAS says to put it in writing, make clear you are making a whistleblowing disclosure, and include the background, the dates, whether you have raised it before and the response. Keep what you saw yourself apart from what you were told and what you believe. You are not responsible for gathering evidence, and ACAS says taking or passing on documents may breach your contract or other laws, so describe what the documents show and where they are. Never put patient names in a letter or a note.
If you are treated badly
Workers have the right not to suffer detriment because of a protected disclosure (section 47B), and employees dismissed for it can claim automatic unfair dismissal with no minimum service, ACAS says. These are claims you would have to bring, and they depend on the facts. Keep a dated record of every change. ACAS gives 6 months minus 1 day for most claims where the problem happened on or after 1 October 2026, and an internal complaint does not change it. If you are dismissed, interim relief, an urgent tribunal order, must be applied for within the seven days following the date your employment ends (section 128), so act the same day. For your own treatment, see our Bullying and Harassment Complaint Pack and, if you are dismissed, the Dismissal Appeal Pack.
Sources
- Employment Rights Act 1996, Part IVA (protected disclosures), section 47B and section 128
- Gov.uk: whistleblowing
- Gov.uk: list of prescribed people and bodies
- ACAS: how to make a whistleblowing disclosure and what someone can whistleblow about
- ACAS: unfair dismissal and employment tribunal time limits
- NHS Terms and Conditions of Service Handbook, section 32
- NHS England: the future of Freedom to Speak Up
- Independent National Whistleblowing Officer (Scotland)
- Protect: the whistleblowing charity (free confidential advice; it does not provide legal representation)
- How we write and check our guidance
Why trust this tool
- ✓ Built on the Employment Rights Act 1996 Part IVA, gov.uk and ACAS, checked against each source in October 2026, with the section named wherever a document relies on it
- ✓ Uses the Act's own categories, and asks for a disclosure to be treated as protected rather than saying it is
- ✓ Takes the list of regulators and what each covers from gov.uk, and does not offer the National Guardian's Office, which NHS England says closed at the end of June 2026
- ✓ Shows the seven-day interim relief date after a dismissal, and the ACAS tribunal limit, as guides only
- ✓ Tells you to keep your own treatment separate, not to copy confidential documents, and not to put patient names in anything
- ✓ Never predicts what will happen after a disclosure and never says an employer acted unlawfully
- ✓ Runs in your browser. Your details and document text are not sent to us
- ✓ Guidance last updated October 2026
Related guides & tools
NHS Whistleblowing and Your Legal Rights
How the law protects NHS staff who raise concerns, and where protection ends.
NHS Bullying and Harassment Complaint Pack
If you are being treated badly at work.
NHS Dismissal Appeal Pack
If you have been dismissed and want to appeal.
NHS Grievance Procedure Explained
For your own treatment, which belongs in a grievance.
Fitness to Practise Explained
If your concern is about a registered professional.
NHS Staff Representation Explained
Which unions and bodies can represent you.
Employment Rights Act 2025: NHS Staff
Dated changes to whistleblowing and time limits.
Unfair vs Constructive Dismissal in the NHS
What each claim needs.
NHS Dismissal Guidance Advisor
Your tribunal deadline and an action plan.
Frequently asked questions
What counts as a protected disclosure? +
What is the difference between whistleblowing and a grievance? +
Who should I tell? +
What is a prescribed person? +
What about Freedom to Speak Up Guardians and the National Guardian's Office? +
Should I put it in writing? +
Can I take documents or patient records as evidence? +
Can I stay anonymous or have my identity kept confidential? +
What protection do I have if I am treated badly afterwards? +
What is interim relief, and how quickly do I have to act? +
What time limit applies to a claim? +
Can a settlement agreement stop me whistleblowing? +
What do I get for £9.99, and for how long? +
Raising concerns policies are set by individual NHS trusts, and arrangements differ in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, so detail varies. This page is general information, not legal advice. FrontlinePay is an independent site and is not affiliated with ACAS, Protect, NHS England, any regulator, any NHS trust or any trade union.